1.4362 | UNS S32304 | X2CrNiN23-4 | Duplex steel
Data sheet according to DIN EN 10088-3 for material number 1.4362
Material 1.4362, also known as X2CrNiN23-4, AFNOR Z2CN23-04AZ or UNS S32304, is a duplex steel with an austenitic-ferritic structure that has excellent corrosion resistance (PREN value 23.1 - 29.2). Due to its two-phase structure, this material significantly outperforms austenitic stainless steels in terms of intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. The material has a high tensile strength of 600 to 830 N/mm² and a density of 7.80 kg/dm³ (at 20 °C) as well as a hardness of ≤ 260 HB. The stainless steel 1.4362 is used as a substitute for the austenitic material 1.4404 / AISI 316L. It is ideal for welding, but only suitable for forging to a limited extent. Other processing options include cold forming and machining. Stainless steel 1.4362 is only slightly magnetisable and not suitable for polishing. It has poor machinability and can also be used for cold heading to a limited extent due to its higher basic strength. This stainless steel grade can be used in the temperature range of -50°C and 300°C. Since the material is susceptible to sigma phase embrittlement, higher temperatures should be avoided. Thanks to its excellent corrosion resistance, this duplex steel is used in various industrial sectors where high strength and good weather resistance are required. These include the automotive industry, construction industry and shipbuilding.
Specifications
EN material number: 1.4362
EN short name: X2CrNiN23-4
EN standard: 10088-3
Structure Class: Duplex
Comparable standards and designations
AFNOR Z2CN23-04AZ
Alloy 2304
UNS S32304
SS / SIS 2327
Chemical composition and properties of stainless steel 1.4362
C | Si | Mn | P | S | N | Cr | Cu | Mo | Ni | Ti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 0,03 | ≤ 1,00 | ≤ 2,00 | ≤ 0,035 | ≤ 0,015 | 0,05 - 0,20 | 22,0 - 24,0 | 0,10 - 0,60 | 0,10 - 0,60 | 3,5 - 5,5 | - |
Mass fraction in % according to DIN EN 10088-3
Abbreviations: C = carbon, Cr = chromium, Cu = copper, Mn = manganese, Mo = molybdenum, N = nitrogen, Ni = nickel, P = phosphorus, S = sulphur, Si = silicon, Ti = thallium.
Physical properties
Magnetisability: low
Density (kg/dm³): 7.8
Thermal conductivity W/m K (at up to 20°C): 15
Specific heat capacity J/kg K: 500
Electronic resistance at room temperature (in Ω mm²/m): 0.80
Mechanical properties
The values given refer to the diameter range ≤ 160 (Ø in mm)*
Hardness in HB: ≤ 260
Yield strength Rp0.2 in Mpa: ≥ 400
Yield strength Rp1.0 in Mpa: -
Tensile strength / strength Rm in Mpa: 600 - 830
Elongation A5,65: ≥ 25%
Modulus of elasticity kN / mm²: 200
* These data refer to mechanical properties at room temperature in the solution-annealed condition (according to EN 10088-3)
Duplex steel 1.4362 has very good welding properties that enable the use of all common welding processes. Heat treatment after welding is not required. However, it should be noted that hot cracks can occur in this austenitic-ferritic material. If a welding filler is required, 1.4462 (AISI 318LN) should be selected.
Forgeability
Stainless steel 1.4362 has medium forgeability. The material should first be heated slowly to a temperature of 1150 °C. Forging can then be carried out in the temperature range from 1150 °C to 950 °C. The material must then be cooled quickly, either in air or in water. Open-die forging and drop forging are only possible to a limited extent.
Heat treatment and hot forming
Solution heat treatment (cooling by air or water): 950-1050 °C
Hot forming (cooling by air): 1150-950 °C
Machinability
Machinability is influenced by the two-phase structure of the austenitic-ferritic duplex steel and its properties in terms of material strength. Therefore, the material 1.4362 is only conditionally machinable.
Corrosion resistance
The stainless steel 1.4362 has a very good corrosion resistance (PREN value 23.1 - 29.2), which is given both against chloride-containing media and against organic acids and phosphoric acids. Due to its austenitic-ferritic structure, the material is also resistant to intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue.
Application area of stainless steel 1.4362
Thanks to its excellent corrosion resistance, stainless steel 1.4362 is a versatile material that can be used in a wide range of industries. Applications for this duplex steel include architecture (e.g. for architectural elements or parapet anchors) or the automotive industry for the production of parts and components that require high strength and corrosion resistance. In the construction industry, this steel is used to make weather-resistant components such as façade panel anchors, wall connectors or connection anchors. The oil and petrochemical industries use the resistant material for pipelines, for example. In the electronics industry, the material is used for its good resistance to environmental influences, e.g. for housing parts. In mechanical engineering, stainless steel 1.4362 is used to manufacture components such as gear parts or pump housings. This austenitic-ferritic duplex steel is also used in shipbuilding due to its high strength and corrosion and seawater resistance (saltwater resistance).
Please note
The information given in this data sheet has been compiled to the best of our knowledge and is based on the current version of the relevant standard. It is considered for reference only and we assume no liability for any errors.
